{"id":820,"date":"2019-05-29T21:56:07","date_gmt":"2019-05-30T01:56:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dev.mrctcenter.org\/health-literacy\/?page_id=820"},"modified":"2019-05-29T21:56:07","modified_gmt":"2019-05-30T01:56:07","slug":"interactive-techniques","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/dev.mrctcenter.org\/health-literacy\/tools\/overview\/interactive-techniques\/","title":{"rendered":"Interactive Techniques"},"content":{"rendered":"<section class=\"wpb-content-wrapper\"><p>[vc_row][vc_column][vc_empty_space][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1571605172196{padding-top: 10px !important;padding-right: 10px !important;padding-bottom: 10px !important;padding-left: 10px !important;}&#8221; el_id=&#8221;additionalresources&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: left\">Clinical research\u00a0communications are\u00a0enhanced through in-person, verbal interactions.<\/h1>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-1578\" src=\"https:\/\/dev.mrctcenter.org\/health-literacy\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2019\/10\/best-practice-resources-interactive-techniques-1-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dev.mrctcenter.org\/health-literacy\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2019\/10\/best-practice-resources-interactive-techniques-1-2.jpg 800w, https:\/\/dev.mrctcenter.org\/health-literacy\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2019\/10\/best-practice-resources-interactive-techniques-1-2-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dev.mrctcenter.org\/health-literacy\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2019\/10\/best-practice-resources-interactive-techniques-1-2-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/dev.mrctcenter.org\/health-literacy\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2019\/10\/best-practice-resources-interactive-techniques-1-2-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dev.mrctcenter.org\/health-literacy\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2019\/10\/best-practice-resources-interactive-techniques-1-2-250x250.jpg 250w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/>Research has shown that providing both written and verbal information is more effective than written or verbal information alone (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5009885\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Al-Harthy et al, 2016<\/a>).<\/p>\n<p>Interactive techniques are particularly important and helpful in the clinical research environment, as they facilitate conversations that can lead potential and enrolled participants to greater clarity about research and their decision to participate.\u00a0 Thus, reviewing plain language materials and effectively using verbal teach-back to check for participant understanding\u00a0are essential to\u00a0determining understanding<\/p>\n<p>Anyone\u00a0presenting information\u00a0can take on\u00a0the role of a supportive teacher when sharing information so that potential and enrolled participants\u00a0 feel more comfortable asking questions or asking for clarification.<\/p>\n<p>In this section are tips, as well as examples, of how to apply interactive health literacy techniques in the clinical research context.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #03032b\"><a style=\"color: #03032b\" href=\"https:\/\/dev.mrctcenter.org\/health-literacy\/tools\/overview\/interactive-techniques\/#teachback\"><b>&gt; <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Teach Back<\/span><\/b><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #03032b\"><a style=\"color: #03032b\" href=\"https:\/\/dev.mrctcenter.org\/health-literacy\/tools\/overview\/interactive-techniques\/#paraphrasetesting\"><strong>&gt; <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Paraphrase Testing<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #03032b\"><a style=\"color: #03032b\" href=\"https:\/\/dev.mrctcenter.org\/health-literacy\/tools\/overview\/interactive-techniques\/#additionalresources\">&gt; <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><strong>Additional Resources<\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/span>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row full_width=&#8221;stretch_row_content&#8221;][vc_column][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1571582908518{padding-top: 10px !important;padding-right: 10px !important;padding-bottom: 10px !important;padding-left: 10px !important;background-color: #efefef !important;}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center\">Teach Back<\/h2>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]Teach-back is an interactive, evidence-based best practice for sharing information and checking understanding. It involves participants demonstrating knowledge by \u201cteaching it back\u201d to the person that explained it.<\/p>\n<p>The spirit of teach-back can be woven into all interactions between participants and clinical research stakeholders.[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1571582866405{margin-top: 5px !important;margin-right: 25px !important;margin-bottom: 20px !important;margin-left: 25px !important;border-top-width: 3px !important;border-right-width: 3px !important;border-bottom-width: 3px !important;border-left-width: 3px !important;padding-top: 10px !important;padding-right: 10px !important;padding-bottom: 10px !important;padding-left: 10px !important;border-left-color: #99ccff !important;border-left-style: solid !important;border-right-color: #99ccff !important;border-right-style: solid !important;border-top-color: #99ccff !important;border-top-style: solid !important;border-bottom-color: #99ccff !important;border-bottom-style: solid !important;border-radius: 3px !important;}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><strong>Teach-Back Overview<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\"><strong>1.\u00a0 Share Information<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">Use simple terms to describe information in a way that meets the needs of you target audience<\/p>\n<p><strong>2.\u00a0 Confirm Understanding<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Ask the participant to use their own words and repeat\/teach back what they just learned<\/p>\n<p><strong>3.\u00a0 Rephrase or Clarify if necessary, and Reconfirm understanding<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>If the participant does not repeat back the key takeaways as they should have, try to convey the information differently and ask them to teach it back to you again.<\/p>\n<p><strong>4.\u00a0 Move on and repeat<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Once the participant has demonstrated adequate understanding, move on to the next topic and continue the teach-back process as necessary[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<p><strong>Teach-back is especially relevant:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>During the informed consent process<\/li>\n<li>When reviewing study procedures and instructions<\/li>\n<li>When scheduling and organizing study visits<\/li>\n<li>When discussing adverse events and reactions<\/li>\n<li>When determining next steps at the end of study participation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Putting Teach-Back into Practice<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The teach-back process can be repeated in every applicable participant interaction throughout the clinical trial life cycle. They key is to check understanding in a tactful way that does not make people feel like they are being given a \u201ctest.\u201d[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243;][vc_column_text]<strong>Use questions like:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>I want to be sure that I explained everything clearly. Can you please explain it back to me so I can be sure I did?<\/li>\n<li>When you go home and tell your family about what we discussed today, how will you explain it to them?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1571081444584{padding-right: 20px !important;padding-left: 20px !important;}&#8221;][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1583253103007{margin-top: 25px !important;margin-right: 5px !important;margin-bottom: 5px !important;margin-left: 5px !important;border-top-width: 1px !important;border-right-width: 1px !important;border-bottom-width: 1px !important;border-left-width: 1px !important;padding-top: 10px !important;padding-right: 10px !important;padding-bottom: 10px !important;padding-left: 10px !important;background-color: #99ccff !important;border-left-style: none !important;border-right-style: none !important;border-top-style: none !important;border-bottom-style: none !important;}&#8221;]More information on how teach-back has been used in the healthcare environment can be found <a href=\"http:\/\/www.teachbacktraining.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">here<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>This site includes a<a href=\"http:\/\/www.teachbacktraining.org\/interactive-teach-back-learning-module\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> learning module<\/a> about teach-back that can be applied to clinical research encounters.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_row_inner css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1571082317121{margin-top: 5px !important;margin-right: 5px !important;margin-bottom: 5px !important;margin-left: 5px !important;border-top-width: 3px !important;border-right-width: 3px !important;border-bottom-width: 3px !important;border-left-width: 3px !important;padding-top: 10px !important;padding-right: 10px !important;padding-bottom: 10px !important;padding-left: 10px !important;border-left-color: #99ccff !important;border-left-style: solid !important;border-right-color: #99ccff !important;border-right-style: solid !important;border-top-color: #99ccff !important;border-top-style: solid !important;border-bottom-color: #99ccff !important;border-bottom-style: solid !important;border-radius: 3px !important;}&#8221;][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243;][vc_column_text]<strong>Instead of\u2026<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Do you have any questions for me?<\/li>\n<li>Does this make sense to you?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Instead of\u2026<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Do you understand the study?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243;][vc_column_text]<strong>Ask\u2026<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>What two questions do you have?<\/li>\n<li>What can I review again for you?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Ask\u2026<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>What study procedures need more explanation?<\/li>\n<li>What risks are concerning to you?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]<strong>A Note About Yes\/No Questions<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Think carefully about whether yes\/no questions are appropriate for your study population.<\/p>\n<p>On one hand, questions that can be answered with a yes or no make it easy for a participant to mask their confusion so it can be helpful to opt for questions that require a more descriptive answer.<\/p>\n<p>On the other hand, some populations may be non-speaking or have limited verbal ability, and thus might not be able to easily answer questions that require them to explain their responses.<\/p>\n<p>In those types of cases, thoughtful presentation of a select number of yes\/no questions may be more appropriate.[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1571082581842{margin-top: 5px !important;margin-right: 5px !important;margin-bottom: 5px !important;margin-left: 5px !important;padding-top: 20px !important;padding-right: 20px !important;padding-bottom: 20px !important;padding-left: 20px !important;background-color: #99ccff !important;}&#8221;]<strong>EXAMPLE<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>After signing this consent form, can you still decide not to answer questions asked by the person leading the focus group?<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Yes (correct answer)<\/li>\n<li>No (incorrect answer &#8211; Action: educate about their rights as a research participant)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row full_width=&#8221;stretch_row_content&#8221;][vc_column][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1571582916492{padding-top: 10px !important;padding-right: 10px !important;padding-bottom: 10px !important;padding-left: 10px !important;background-color: #efefef !important;}&#8221; el_id=&#8221;paraphrasetesting&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center\">Paraphrase Testing<\/h2>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]Paraphrase testing is described at <a href=\"https:\/\/www.plainlanguage.gov\/guidelines\/test\/paraphrase-testing\/\">plainlanguage.gov<\/a>. One-on-one paraphrase testing sessions work best for short documents, web pages, and survey questions.<\/p>\n<p>Paraphrase testing will tell you what a reader thinks a piece of writing means and will help you know if they\u2019re interpreting the message as you intended.<\/p>\n<p>This can be particularly useful in the clinical research context.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row full_width=&#8221;stretch_row_content&#8221;][vc_column][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1571582927597{padding-top: 10px !important;padding-right: 10px !important;padding-bottom: 10px !important;padding-left: 10px !important;background-color: #efefef !important;}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center\">Additional Resources<\/h2>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Resources for cross-cultural communications\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/dev.mrctcenter.org\/health-literacy\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2019\/07\/Communication-quick-tip-sheet-2.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Quick tips sheet<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/dev.mrctcenter.org\/health-literacy\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2019\/07\/Cross-Cultural-Communication-for-Clinical-Trial-Staff-2.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Guide for clinical trial staff<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ahrq.gov\/health-literacy\/quality-resources\/tools\/literacy-toolkit\/healthlittoolkit2-tool5.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Health Literacy Universal Precautions Toolkit, 2nd Edition<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n<\/section>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[vc_row][vc_column][vc_empty_space][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1571605172196{padding-top: 10px !important;padding-right: 10px !important;padding-bottom: 10px !important;padding-left: 10px !important;}&#8221; el_id=&#8221;additionalresources&#8221;] Clinical research\u00a0communications are\u00a0enhanced through in-person, verbal interactions. [\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]Research has shown that providing both written and verbal information is more effective than written or verbal information alone (Al-Harthy et al, 2016). Interactive techniques are particularly important and helpful in the clinical research environment, as they [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"parent":255,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"template-sub.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-820","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dev.mrctcenter.org\/health-literacy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/820"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dev.mrctcenter.org\/health-literacy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dev.mrctcenter.org\/health-literacy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dev.mrctcenter.org\/health-literacy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dev.mrctcenter.org\/health-literacy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=820"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/dev.mrctcenter.org\/health-literacy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/820\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dev.mrctcenter.org\/health-literacy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/255"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dev.mrctcenter.org\/health-literacy\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=820"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}